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No.3778ウズベキスタン
独立系メディアが一方的に閉鎖を命令されました。
「国際人権連盟」(FIDH)と「SOSトーチャー」の共同プロジェクトである「人権擁護家保護のための監視機構」は、ウズベキスタンにおける下記の状況に関して皆様の引き続きの働きかけをお願いします。
＜新情報＞
人権擁護家のための監視機構は、独立のメディアを育成し、開かれた情報通信政策を推進することで、世界中の人々の報道の自由と情報へのアクセスを促進している「インターニュース・ネットワーク」より、同団体のウズベキスタン支部が法的に閉鎖されたという情報を入手しました。
入手した情報によると、2005年10月11日、タシケント控訴裁判所は閉鎖決定に対するインターニュース・ネットワークの控訴を、10分間の審理のみで適正な根拠もないまま却下しました。2005年9月9日にタシケント裁判所は、許可なく活動したということと、司法省の同意なく団体ロゴを使用したということを主な理由として、同団体の解散を命じています。
この判決後、インターニュース・ネットワークは決定後2ヶ月以内に新聞広告によりこの司法決定をすべての債権者に告知し、債務を清算し、清算委員会のチェックを受けなければならないということになりました。しかし、同団体のウズベキスタン内の銀行口座はすべて2004年8月に凍結されたので、広告料さえ払えない状態にあります。
この裁判は、これまで18ヶ月間行ってきた外国のNGO、とりわけ民主主義の発展を支持し、人権を促進しているNGOを弾圧してきた流れの中で起きているものです。2005年5月、政府軍はアンディジャン市でデモに参加していた非武装の数百人を殺害しました。それ以来、ウズベキスタンのNGOへの圧力はエスカレートしてきました（UZB 001/0505/OBS 036, 036.1, 036.2 及び UZB 002/0805/OBS 063参照）。
監視機構は、ウズベキスタン内の表現の自由、とくに報道機関の表現の自由を妨害する狙いが明らかな今回の決定を、強く非難します。また、この決定は、1998年12月9日に国連総会が採択した「人権擁護家保護のための宣言」の条文、とくに第1条「すべての者は、個々にまた他の者と共同して、国内、国際レベルにおいて人権および基本的自由の保護ならびに実現を伸長、奨励する権利を有する」と第6条(b)、(c)項「すべての者は、個々にまた他の者と共同して、すべての人権と基本的自由に関する意見、情報、知識を出版、発表もしくは他の者に伝える権利を有している」、「すべての人権と基本的自由の法律上および実践上での遵守に関して、調査、議論、意見の形成あるいは保持を行い、これらおよびその他適切な手段を通して、こうした問題に一般の注意を惹く権利を有している」に反するとして非難します。
＜背景情報＞
インターニュース・ネットワークに対する今回の裁判は、2005年8月4日にインターニュース・ネットワークの代表事務所の元事務局長であり現在は上級顧問のカリダ・アナルバイェヴァさんと、インターニュース・ネットワークの経理担当オルガ・ナムラドヴァさんが、"無免許で情報を流し、ビデオを制作した"容疑で、ウズベク刑法第190(b)2条の違反で告発された裁判に続いて行われました。（UZB 001/0805/OBS 066参照）非公開の裁判で判決を言い渡すとき、裁判官は、インターニュースは"ウズベキスタンの政治および大統領の政治に干渉し始めた、そのため訴訟を起こした"と言いました。後にアナルバイェヴァさんは控訴しましたがタシケント裁判所で却下されました。ただし、アナルバイェヴァさんとオルガ・ナムラドヴァさんは前科がないので、ウズベキスタン法により禁固刑にはなっていません。
＜行動要請＞
ウズベキスタン関係当局に以下の内容の要請をお願いします。
- インターニュース・ネットワーク閉鎖の判決は、基本的自由の行使に矛盾して非合法であり、正確な根拠に立っていないため、再度それを見直すこと。
- インターニュース･ネットワークのメンバーおよびウズベキスタンのすべての人権擁護家の心身の安全を保障すること。
- 1998年12月9日国連総会が採択した人権擁護家に関する宣言、とりわけ、上記の1、6(b)、6(c)、そして「国家は、この宣言に掲げられた権利を正当に行使した結果としてのあらゆる暴力、脅迫、報復、事実上のあるいは法律上の敵意に満ちた差別、圧力、あるいはその他のあらゆる恣意的な行為に反対し、すべての者を、個々にまたは他の者と共同して、権限ある当局によって確実に保護するためのすべての必要な措置をとるべきである」とした第12.2条に従うこと。
- 1990年に、OSCE（欧州安全保障協力機構）人的側面会議のコペンハーゲン会議で採択された文書に含まれている条文、とりわけ、「何人も通信の権利を含む表現の自由の権利を有する。この権利は、公権力による妨害なしに、そして国境に関係なく、意見を持ち、情報や意見を受発信する自由を含む。この権利の行使は、国内法で規定されていて、なおかつ国際基準と合致している制約事項のみ受けることになる」とした9.1条に従うこと。
- 世界人権宣言およびウズベキスタンを拘束する地域および国際人権基準に従うこと。
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＜要請先＞
大統領：Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov, President, ul. Uzbekistanskaya 43, Rezidentsia prezidenta 700163 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 133 7258, Email: presidents_office@press-service.uz
外務大臣：Elyor Majidovich Ganiev, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Respublika Uzbekistan, 700029 g. Tashkent; pl. Mustakillik, 5, Ministerstvo inostrannykh del RU, S.S., Uzbekistan, Fax: + 998 71 139 15 17
人権オンブズパーソン：Sayora Rashidova, Parliamentary Human Rights Commissioner, ul. Xalqlar Dostligi 1, 700035 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 139 85 55, Email: office@ombudsman.gov.uz
最高裁判所長官：Ubaydulla Mingbaev, Chairman of the Supreme Court, Respublika Uzbekistan, 700183 g. Tashkent, ul. Abdulla Kodiri, 1, Verkhovny Sud Respubliki Uzbekistan
検事総長：Rashidjon Hamidovich Kodirov, General Prosecutor, ul. Gulyamova, 66, 700047 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 133 39 17, E-mail: prokuratura@lawyer.com
国家人権センター：National Centre for Human Rights, Senator Akmal Saidov Natsionalny tsentr po pravam cheloveka, 5/3, Mustakillik Maidoni, g. Tashkent, Respublika Uzbekistan. 700029, Fax: + 998 71 139 13 56 / 45 16, Email: office@nchr.uz
国連大使：Ambassador of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Permanent Mission of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the United Nations in Geneva, PO Box 1853, 1215 Geneva 15, Switzerland, Fax: +41 (0)22 799 43 02, Email: uzbekistan@bluewin.ch
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＜手紙の例文＞
例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。
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Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov
President
ul. Uzbekistanskaya 43
Rezidentsia prezidenta 700163 Tashkent
Republic of Uzbekistan
Dear President Karimov,
I am writing you to express my concern over the court decision given to the Internews Network sentencing its closure. I would like to urge you the following:
- To review the decision sentencing Internews Network's closure, this decision being illegal as it contravenes the exercise of fundamental freedoms, and as it is not based on any precise grounds;
- To guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of Internews Network's members, and of all human rights defenders in Uzbekistan;
- To conform with the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the United Nations' General Assembly on December 9, 1998, in particular Articles 1, , which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", and article 6(b) and (c), which provides that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others (...) to publish, impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms" and "to study, discuss, form and hold opinions on the observance, both in law and in practice, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and, through these and other appropriate means, to draw public attention to those matters," and article 12.2, which provides that "the State shall take all necessary measures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, individually and in association with others, against any violence, threats, retaliation, de facto or de jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in the present Declaration";
- To conform with the provisions of the Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), adopted in 1990, in particular article 9.1, which states that "everyone will have the right to freedom of expression including the right to communication. This right will include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. The exercise of this right may be subject only to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and are consistent with international standards";
- To conform with the provisions of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, and with other international or regional instruments binding Uzbekistan.
Please also write to the embassies of Uzbekistan in your respective country.
I thank you for your kind attention to my request.
Yours faithfully,
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＜以下、原文＞
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URGENT APPEAL - THE OBSERVATORY
New information
UZB 003 / 0805 / OBS 066.1
Closure of an NGO
Uzbekistan
October 17, 2005
The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT), has received new information concerning the following situation in Uzbekistan.
New information:
The Observatory has been informed by Internews Network, an international organisation that promotes freedom of the press and access to information for people around the world by fostering independent media and promoting open communications policies, of the judicial closure of its Uzbek branch.
According to the information received, on October 11, 2005, after ten minutes of deliberation, the Tashkent Appeal Court denied, without any precise ground, Internews Network's appeal against the decision of its closure. Indeed, on September 9, 2005, the Tashkent Court ordered the dissolution of the organisation, mainly for having carried out activities without the necessary authorisations, and for having used the association's logo without the consent of the Ministry of Justice.
Following this sentence, Internews Network has to inform all of its creditors of the judicial decision by means of an advertisement in newspapers, within a period of time of two months following the decision, and to settle all its debts, which will be checked by a liquidation commission. However, the organisation's bank accounts in Uzbekistan were frozen in August 2004, which makes the organisation unable to pay even for the advertisement.
This closure took place in the context of the crackdown on foreign NGOs in Uzbekistan in the last eighteen months, especially those supporting the development of democracy and those promoting human rights, and of the increasing pressure on local NGOs since May 2005, when government forces evidently killed hundreds of unarmed demonstrators in the city of Andijan (See Observatory Urgent Appeals UZB 001/0505/OBS 036, 036.1, 036.2 and UZB 002/0805/OBS 063).
The Observatory strongly condemns this new decision, which clearly aims at hindering freedom of expression in Uzbekistan, in particular in the media, and contravenes the provisions of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, in particular article 1, which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", and article 6(b) and (c), which provides that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others (...) to publish, impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms" and "to study, discuss, form and hold opinions on the observance, both in law and in practice, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms and, through these and other appropriate means, to draw public attention to those matters".
Background information:
The judicial proceedings against Internews Network follow judicial proceedings against Mrs. Khalida Anarbayeva, former Managing Director of the representative office of Internews Network, and currently Senior Advisor, and Mrs. Olga Narmuradova, Accountant of Internews Network, condemned in August 2005 by the Tashkent Court for having violated Article 190(2)b of the Uzbek Criminal Code on charges of "publishing information and producing videos without a license" (See Urgent Appeal UZB 003/0805/OBS 066). In delivering his decision to initiate the proceedings to a court in camera, the judge said that Internews had "started meddling in the politics of Uzbekistan and in the politics of the President and that is why the proceedings were instituted". Later on, the appeal lodged by Mrs. Anarbayeva was rejected by the Tashkent Court. However, in accordance with Uzbek law, Mrs. Anarbayeva and Mrs. Narmuradova are under no prison penalty as they do not have any police record.
Action requested:
Please write to the Uzbek authorities in order to urge them to:
- Review the decision sentencing Internews Network's closure, this decision being illegal as it contravenes the exercise of fundamental freedoms, and as it is not based on any precise grounds;
- Guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of Internews Network's members, and of all human rights defenders in Uzbekistan;
- Conform with the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the United Nations' General Assembly on December 9, 1998, in particular its above-mentioned articles 1, 6(b) and 6(c), and article 12.2, which provides that "the State shall take all necessary measures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, individually and in association with others, against any violence, threats, retaliation, de facto or de jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in the present Declaration";
- Conform with the provisions of the Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), adopted in 1990, in particular article 9.1, which states that "everyone will have the right to freedom of expression including the right to communication. This right will include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. The exercise of this right may be subject only to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and are consistent with international standards";
- Conform with the provisions of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, and with other international or regional instruments binding Uzbekistan.
Addresses:
- President of Uzbekistan, Islam Abduganiyevich Karimov, ul. Uzbekistanskaya 43, Rezidentsia prezidenta, 700163 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 133 7258, E-mail: presidents_office@press-service.uz
- Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Elyor Majidovich Ganiev, Respublika Uzbekistan; 700029 g. Tashkent; pl. Mustakillik, 5; Ministerstvo inostrannykh del RU, S.S., Uzbekistan, Fax: + 998 71 139 15 17
- Parliamentary Commissioner for Human Rights, Sayora Rashidova, ul. Xalqlar Dostligi 1, 700035 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 139 85 55, E-mail: office@ombudsman.gov.uz
- Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ubaydulla Mingbaev, Respublika Uzbekistan; 700183 g. Tashkent; ul. Abdulla Kodiri, 1; Verkhovny Sud Respubliki Uzbekistan
- General Prosecutor of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rashidjon Hamidovich Kodirov, ul. Gulyamova 66, 700047 Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Fax: +998 71 133 39 17, E-mail: prokuratura@lawyer.com
- National Centre for Human Rights, Senator Akmal Saidov, Natsionalny tsentr po pravam cheloveka, 5/3, Mustakillik Maidoni, g. Tashkent, Respublika Uzbekistan. 700029, Fax: + 998 71 139 13 56 / 45 16, E-mail: office@nchr.uz
- Ambassador of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Permanent Mission of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the United Nations in Geneva, PO Box 1853, 1215 Geneva 15, Switzerland, Fax: +4122 799 43 02, E-mail: uzbekistan@bluewin.ch
Please also write to the embassies of Uzbekistan in your respective country.
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Paris - Geneva, October 17, 2005
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