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＜事件 No. KHM001/0106/OBS001.4＞
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掲載日：2005.03.01
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No.3813カンボジア
人権デーの横断幕で逮捕されたNGOのメンバーが
保釈され、刑事告発が撤回されましたが、
不起訴にはなっていないため、引き続き監視が必要です。
「国際人権連盟」(FIDH)と「SOSトーチャー」の共同プロジェクトである「人権擁護家保護のための監視機構」は、カンボジアにおける下記の状況に関して皆様の引き続きの働きかけをお願いします。
＜新情報＞
人権擁護家のための監視機構は「カンボジア人権センター（CCHR）」より、CCHR代表のケム・ソカさんと、CCHR副所長でありCCHRの「民主主義の声」というラジオ番組の制作者であるニュオン・ティアンさん、「コミュニティ法律教育センター(CLEC)」所長のイェン・ヴィラックさんに対する刑事告発が撤回されたという情報を受けました。
情報によれば、政府の弁護士はケム・ソカさん、ニュオン・ティアンさん、イェン・ヴィラックさんに対する刑事告発を2006年2月3日に正式に撤回したということです。保釈を命じたことへのお礼状を彼らから受け取ったフンセン首相は、彼らに対する告発を取り下げるよう、弁護団に要請していました。彼らが釈放に感謝し、以前の発言を撤回する書簡を首相に送ると、イェン・ヴィラックさんに対する告発も取り下げられました。
しかし、1992年制定のいわゆる「UNTAC法」（カンボジア暫定政権に適用される裁判・刑事法および手続きに関連する規定）によれば、名誉毀損の刑事告発の撤回は、不起訴を意味しません。プノンペン市裁判所はケム・ソカさん、ニュオン・ティアンさん、イェン・ヴィラックさんに対する案件の捜査を続けると発表しています。首相は、これらの人々は「傲慢な」ふるまいをするべきではないと公けに発言しました。
そのため、ケム・ソカさん、ニュオン・ティアンさん、イェン・ヴィラックさんの上にダモクレスの剣が下がったままです。UNTAC法によれば「拘禁されているかいないかに関わらず、告発された人は、逮捕から6ヶ月以内に裁判に付されなければならない」（第21条）となっています。
＜背景情報＞
2005年12月10日、CCHRやCLECを含むNGOの63団体が国際人権デーを祝う集まりを組織しました。そこでは、参加しているNGOがそれぞれの活動や物品を紹介する展示ブースも準備されていました。そのイベントには数千の人々が参加しましたが、警察がその行事を警備し、私服警察が監視をしました。CCHRもブースを一つもち、2003年に使われた古い横断幕を張りました。そこには、"私の一票は私の命""人々に恐怖を植え付ける党には投票しない"などのスローガンがクメール語で書かれていました。
横断幕にはまた、カンボジアのフンセン首相の政策を批判していたとされる文言が、手書きで書かれていました。午前11時頃、ブースにいたCCHRのスタッフは、警察当局がブースにある横断幕について苦情を言ったという情報を組織委員会から聞かされました。これを聞いて、CCHRのスタッフはすぐに横断幕をはずしました。
2005年12月31日に、国際人権デー記念行事組織委員会のメンバーであったイェン・ヴィラックさんが、この行事での彼の役割を理由に逮捕されました。ケム・ソカさんとニュオン・ティアンさんはそれぞれ2005年12月31日と2006年1月4日に、同行事で掲げられた横断幕の件で逮捕されました。この3人は名誉毀損で起訴され、プノンペン近郊のプレイ・ソル刑務所で拘禁されました。
イェン・ヴィラックさんは2006年1月11日に保釈されました。ケム・ソカさんとニュオン・ティアンさんは2006年1月17日に保釈されました。
＜行動要請＞
カンボジア関係当局に以下の内容の要請をお願いします。
- イェン・ヴィラックさん、ケム・ソカさん、そしてニュオン・ティアンさんに対する嫌疑を取り下げ、彼らおよびカンボジアのすべての人権擁護家に対するすべての嫌がらせ行為に終止符を打つこと。
- 1998年12月9日国連総会が採択した「人権擁護家に関する国連宣言」のすべての条項、とりわけ、「すべての人は、人権と基本的自由を国内および国際レベルで促進および保護する権利を、個別におよび集団的に所有する」とした第１条、「すべての人は、個々にまた他の者と共同して、すべての人権と基本的自由に関する意見、情報、知識を出版、発表もしくは他の者に伝える権利を有している」とした6(b)条、「すべての人は、個人あるいはその他の人々と共に、政府機関や組織および公共業務に関係している機関に、それらの機能を向上させるための批判や提案を出したり、人権および基本的自由の促進、保護および実現を妨げたり遅らせるようなそれらの業務活動に対して注意を惹きつける権利を有する」とした8(2)条に従うこと。
- いかなる情況にあろうとも、国際人権基準のおよびカンボジアが批准した国際人権文書に基づき、人権尊重と基本的自由を保障すること。
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＜要請先＞
フンセン首相：Mr. Hun Sen, Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 23 36 06 66 / 855 23 88 06 24 (c/o Council of Ministers), Email: leewood_phu@nda.gov.kh
副首相：Mr. Sok An, Deputy Prime Minister, Fax: + 855 23 88 06 24, Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
副首相兼内務大臣：Mr. Sar Kheng, Deputy Prime Minister and Co-Minister of Interior, Ministry of Interior, 275 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 21 27 08
外務大臣：Mr. Hor Nam Hong, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 161 Preah Sisowath Quay, cnr rue 204, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 21 61 44 / + 855 23 21 61 42
カンボジア人権委員会委員長：Mr. Om Yentieng, President of the Cambodian Human Rights Committee, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 12 81 37 81 / +855 23 21 11 62 or +855 23 88 10 45, (c/o Council of Ministers)
国連大使：Ambassador Mr. Vun Chheang, Permanent Mission of Cambodia to the United Nations in Geneva, Chemin de Taverney 3, Case postale 213, 1218 Grand-Saconnex, Switzerland, Fax: + 41 22 788 77 74
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＜手紙の例文＞
例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。
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Mr. Hun Sen
Prime Minister
Office of the Prime Minister
Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia
Dear Prime Minister Hun Sen,
I am writing you to express my concern about situations of Mr. Pa Nguon Teang, Mr. Kem Sokha and Mr. Yeng Virak against who the criminal complaints had once been made, but recently dropped under your kind considerations. Yet, it does not mean that charges against them have been dropped. Therefore, I would like to urge you the followings:
- To drop the charges against Mr. Pa Nguon Teang, Mr. Kem Sokha and Mr. Yeng Virak, and put an end to all acts of harassment against them as well as all other human rights defenders in Cambodia;
- To conform with the provisions of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, especially its article 1, which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", article 6(b), which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others (...) to publish, impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms", and its article 8(2), which provides that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to submit to governmental bodies and agencies and organisations concerned with public affairs criticism and proposals for improving their functioning and to draw attention to any aspect of their work that may hinder or impede the promotion, protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms";
- To ensure in all circumstances respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with international human rights standards and international instruments ratified by Cambodia.
I thank you for your attention to my request.
Yours truly,
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＜以下、原文＞
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URGENT APPEAL - THE OBSERVATORY
New Information
KHM 001 / 0106 / OBS 001.4
Judicial proceedings
Cambodia
February 15, 2006
The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), has received new information and requests your urgent intervention in the following situation in Cambodia.
New Information:
The Observatory has been informed by the Cambodian Centre of Human Rights (CCHR) that criminal complaints against Mr. Kem Sokha, CCHR President, Mr. Pa Nguon Teang, CCHR Deputy Director and Producer of the CCHR Voice of Democracy radio programme, and Mr. Yeng Virak, Director of the Community Legal Education Centre (CLEC), were withdrawn.
According to the information received, on 3 February 2006, government lawyers officially withdrew criminal complaints against Messrs. Kem Sokha, Pa Nguon Teang and Yeng Virak. Prime Minister Hun Sen had requested that lawyers withdraw the government complaints against both men after they wrote letters thanking the Prime Minister for securing their release on bail from prison. The complaints against Mr. Yeng Virak were also withdrawn after they all wrote letters to the Prime Minister Hun Sen, thanking him for their release and withdrawing their earlier comments.
However, under the so-called UNTAC Law adopted in 1992 (Provisions relating to the Judiciary and Criminal Law and Procedure Applicable in Cambodia during the Transitional Period), the withdrawal of a criminal defamation complaint does not mean that the charges are dropped. The judge at the Phnom Penh Municipal Court announced that he would continue to investigate the case against Mr. Kem Sokha, Mr. Pa Nguon Teang and Mr. Yeng Virak. The Prime Minister said publicly that these persons should refrain from acting in an "arrogant" way.
Therefore, a Damocles Sword remains hanged above Mr. Kem Sokha, Mr. Pa Nguon Teang and Mr. Yeng Virak. Under the UNTAC Law, "any accused person, whether or not in detention, must be judged no later than six months after arrest" (Article 21).
Background Information:
On December 10, 2005, a group of 63 NGOs, including CCHR and CLEC, organised a celebration for the International Human Rights Day with a gathering including booth displays, where participating NGOs displayed their activities and products. Thousands of people participated in the event, which was guarded by police officers and closely monitored by plain-clothes police officers. One of the booths was occupied by CCHR. It was decorated with old banners, which were used in 2003 and had slogans printed in Khmer script: "My vote is my life" and "I don't vote for any party that sows fear to the people".
The banners also had handwritings on them, some of which allegedly criticised the policies of Cambodian Prime Minister Mr. Hun Sen. At around 11:00 a.m., CCHR staff members manning the booth were informed by the steering committee that the police authorities had complained about the banners displayed at the stall. Upon receiving this information, CCHR staff members decided to remove the banners.
On December, 31, 2005, Mr. Yeng Virak, member of the organising committee of the International Human Rights Day celebration, was arrested in relation to his role in this celebration on December 10, 2005. Mr. Kem Sokha and Mr. Pa Nguon Teang were respectively arrested on December 31, 2005 and January 4, 2006, also in connection with banners displayed at the International Human Rights Day event. The three men were all charged with defamation and detained at the Prey Sar prison near Phnom Penh.
On January 11, 2006, Mr. Yeng Virak was released on bail.
On January 17, 2006, Mr. Kem Sokha and Mr. Pa Nguon Teang were released on bail as well.
Actions requested:
- Drop the charges against Mr. Pa Nguon Teang, Mr. Kem Sokha and Mr. Yeng Virak, and put an end to all acts of harassment against them as well as all other human rights defenders in Cambodia;
- Conform with the provisions of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, especially its article 1, which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", article 6(b), which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others (...) to publish, impart or disseminate to others views, information and knowledge on all human rights and fundamental freedoms", and its article 8(2), which provides that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to submit to governmental bodies and agencies and organisations concerned with public affairs criticism and proposals for improving their functioning and to draw attention to any aspect of their work that may hinder or impede the promotion, protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms";
- Ensure in all circumstances respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms in accordance with international human rights standards and international instruments ratified by Cambodia.
Addresses:
- Mr. Hun Sen, Prime Minister, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 23 36 06 66 / 855 23 88 06 24 (c/o Council of Ministers), Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
- Mr. Sok An, Deputy Prime Minister, Fax: + 855 23 88 06 24, Email: leewood_phu@nida.gov.kh
- Mr. Sar Kheng, Deputy Prime Minister and Co-Minister of Interior, Ministry of Interior, 275 Norodom Blvd, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 21 27 08
- Mr. Hor Nam Hong, Minister of Foreign Affairs, 161 Preah Sisowath Quay, cnr rue 204, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: + 855 23 21 61 44 / + 855 23 21 61 42
- Mr. Om Yentieng, President of the Cambodian Human Rights Committee, Office of the Prime Minister, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia, Fax: +855 12 81 37 81 / +855 23 21 11 62 or +855 23 88 10 45 (c/o Council of Ministers)
- Ambassador Mr. Vun Chheang, Permanent Mission of Cambodia to the United Nations in Geneva, Chemin de Taverney 3, Case postale 213, 1218 Grand-Saconnex, Switzerland, Fax: + 41 22 788 77 74
Please also write to the diplomatic representations of Cambodia in your respective countries.
***
Geneva-Paris, February 15, 2006
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