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＜事件 No.GRE140507＞
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No.3946 ギリシャ：イラク難民が不法入国で逮捕され、36人が劣悪な条件のもと拘留されています。
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（ジュネーブ発 5月14日）
SOSトーチャー国際事務局は、ギリシャにおける下記の状況に関して皆様の緊急の働きかけをお願いします。
＜事件の概要＞
SOSトーチャー国際事務局はSOSトーチャーのネットワークのメンバー団体であるギリシャ・ヘルシンキ・モニターより、イラクからきた難民43人が劣悪な状態の中、拘留されていて、身体の危険と強制送還の危険に直面しているという情報を入手しました。
情報によると、2007年2月22日、ギリシャのチオス島でイラク人難民54人が不法入国だとして逮捕され、拘留されました。その数日後、小さい子どものいる家族の13人が釈放され、国外退去を命じられました。残る39人の男性と2人の女性は拘禁されたままです。別のイラク人2人も2007年1月18日にサモス島で逮捕され、拘留されています。
情報によると、41人のイラク人は難民申請をしようとしていました。2007年3月29日に警察が彼らに国外退去を命じましたが、釈放しませんでした。その代わり、警察は彼らを二国間再入国協定にもとづいてトルコに送還するため、アテネ経由でテッサロニキ移送センターに送りました。サモス島のイラク人2人はその数日前の3月31日と4月1日にこの移送センターに連れてこられました。3月30日にテッサロニキに着いたイラク人たちは難民申請をしたいと言いましたが、その権利を否定されました。法律扶助チームがなんとかしてそのうちの3人に会い、宗教や民族、政治など理由はそれぞれ違うものの、3人とも亡命申請を希望していることを知ったということです。この弁護士たちは2007年3月30日の晩に警察に書面で通知し、警察から、難民申請を希望する人は全員申請を認めるという確約を口頭で伝えられたということです。
しかし、情報によると、2007年3月31日午前7時、イラク人たちは荷物をまとめて8時発のバスに乗り、ギリシャとトルコの国境に行くよう命じられました。それに抗議して難民申請を求めた7人は警官たちに殴打されたということです。このことを知らされたテッサロニキの弁護士や、テッサロニキやチオス、アテネの関連するNGOが警察の様々な担当部局に抗議し、警察は送還をとりやめたということです。
情報によると、その後警察は41人の申請とサモス島で逮捕された2人の申請を受け付け、その後彼らをテッサロニキ移送センターに戻したということです。しかし、この手続の際、通訳は手配されず、「面接」は英語で行われましたが、英語が分かる人は1人しかいませんでした。その人は英語を聞くことはできても流ちょうには話せないまま、他の被拘禁者のために通訳をしました。また、殴打された人々に対する医師の診察はなかったということです。
情報によると、2007年4月10日、公共秩序省長官がすべての難民申請を却下する決定に署名しました。この書類には例外なく以下のように書かれていました。「申請者が自国で人種や宗教、国籍、社会階級、政治信条によって迫害されていた、もしくはそのような危険にあったという証拠がないため、難民の地位に関するジュネーブ条約（1951年）を適用できることを示す要素はない。」この決定は2007年4月11日に通知され、申請者の不服申し立て期間は30日以内でした。
その間、弁護士たちがボランティアで、イラク人の拘留に対する異議申し立てをテッサロニキ行政裁判所に行いました。そのうち5人が釈放されました。サモス島で逮捕された2人は、最長拘留期間である3ヶ月が過ぎたため釈放されました。残る36人は釈放されず、テッサロニキ警察の外国人用施設で拘留されていますが、この施設は短期収容の少人数用のもののため、非常に劣悪な状況になっているということです。イラク人たちは過密状態の部屋で床にマットレスを敷いて寝なければならず、屋外を歩くことはほんの短時間も許されないということです。
SOSトーチャー国際事務局は、この43人のイラク人、とくに拘留されている36人の心身の安全を憂慮します。国際事務局は、彼らの心身の安全をいついかなる時も保障するよう、ギリシャ政府に要請します。国際事務局は当局に対し、ギリシャで難民を非人道的で品位を傷つけるような状態で拘留しないようにすることを求める欧州評議会拷問防止委員会(CPT)の勧告を完全に遵守するよう要請します。さらに当局に対し、彼らを釈放し、2007年2月にUNHCRが出した改正特別指令を厳密に遵守して難民申請の検討を行うよう要請します。この改正特別指令は、イラクの現状に鑑み、イラク人難民申請者に対し、難民の地位もしくはそれに代わる保護（出身地域によって異なる）を与えるよう要請するものです。
＜行動要請＞
ギリシャ関係当局に以下の内容の要請をお願いします。
1．43人のイラク難民、とりわけ36人の被拘留者の心身の安全を保障するために必要な措置をすべてとること。
2．彼らが提出した難民申請を、国連難民高等弁務官事務所（UNHCR）の改正特別指令および難民の地位に関するジュネーブ条約に厳格に沿って、一件づつ個別に審査するために必要な措置をとること。
3．UNHCRの改正特別指令に従って、また、5人の庇護希望者の釈放に至った裁判官の判断の精神をもって、彼ら全員の即時釈放を命じること。
4．責任者をすべて特定し、裁判に付し、法が規定する民事あるいは行政制裁を適用するために、彼らが虐待されたという申し立てについて、綿密で公正な調査を行うよう命じること。
5．国内法および国際人権基準に沿って、国内全土における人権尊重と基本的自由を保障すること。
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＜要請先＞
首相： Kostas Karamanlis
Prime Minister, Prime Minister’s Office at the Hellenic Parliament
Greek Parliament Bldg.
Constitution Square, Athens
Greece
Fax: +30 210 3238129, Email: Mail@primeminister.gr
外務大臣：Ms. Ntora Bakogiani
Foreign Minister
Athens, Greece
Fax: 30 210 36 81 433, Email: gpap@mfa.gr
法務大臣：Mr. Anastasios Papaligouras
Minister of Justice
Athens, Greece
Fax +30 2107489231
公共秩序大臣：Mr. Byron Polidoras
Minister of Public Order
Athens, Greece
Fax: + 30 210 6917944
人権オンブズマン：Mr. Giorgos Kaminis
Ombudsman for Human Rights
Fax 30 210 7289643
警視総監：Mr. Athanassio Dimoschakis
Chief of Greek Police
Fax: +30-2106923689
国連大使：H.E. Franciscos Verros
Ambassador, Permanent Mission of Greece to the United Nations in Geneva
Rue du Leman 4, 1201 Geneva
Switzerland
Email: mission.greece@ties.itu.int, Fax: +41 22 732.21.50
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例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。
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Mr. Kostas Karamanlis
Prime Minister, Prime Minister’s Office at the Hellenic Parliament
Greek Parliament Bldg.
Constitution Square, Athens
Greece
Dear Prime Minister,
I am writing you to express my concern about the safety of 43 Iraqis refugees and asylum seekers, of whom 36 have been detained in the Alien's Division of the Thessaloniki Police. As they are seeking asylum, I would like to urge you the followings:
1. To take all necessary measures to guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of all the 43 Iraqis refugees and asylum seekers in particular of the 36 detained;
2. To take all necessary measures to guarantee that their asylum applications are reviewed each one separately and individually in strict implementation with the Revised UNHCHR Directives and with the Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees;
3. To order their immediate release in accordance with the Revised UNHCHR Directives, and in the spirit of the judge decisions that led to the release of five of them;
4. To order a thorough and impartial investigation into the allegations of ill-treatment, in order to identify all those responsible, bring them to trial and apply the civil penal and/or administrative sanctions as provided by law
5. To guarantee the respect of human rights and the fundamental freedoms throughout the country in accordance with national laws and international human rights standards.
I thank you for your kind attention to my request.
Yours truly,
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＜以下、原文＞
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Case GRE 140507
Risk to personal integrity/ Condition of detention amounting to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment/ Risk of deportation
The International Secretariat of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) requests your URGENT intervention in the following situation in Greece.
Brief description of the situation
The International Secretariat of OMCT has been informed by Greek Helsinki Monitor, a member of the SOS-Torture Network, of the bad conditions of detention and risk to personal integrity and deportation of 43 asylum seekers and refugees from Iraq.
According to the information received, on 22 February 2007, 54 Iraqis refugees and asylum seekers were arrested and detained on the basis of illegal entry in the Greek Island of Chios. A few days later 13 of them belonging to families with small children were released and ordered to leave the country. The remaining 39 men and 2 women were kept in detention. In the meantime, on 18 January 2007, two other Iraqis refugees were arrested and detained initially on Samos Island.
According to the information, the 41 Iraqis intended to file asylum applications. For the first time though, on 29 March 2007, the police authorities gave them orders to leave the country but did not release them. Instead they escorted them via Athens to the Thessaloniki Transfer Center so as to deport them to Turkey in application of a bilateral protocol of re-admission. The two Iraqis from Samos had been transferred a few days earlier, on 31 March and 1 April 2007 respectively, at that Transfer Center. Upon their arrival in Thessaloniki, on 30 March 2007, the Iraqis said that they wanted to file asylum applications, but they were denied that right. A legal support team managed to see three of them and was reportedly informed that all wanted to file applications as they had left Iraq fleeing persecution for various religious, ethnic or political reasons. The lawyers reportedly informed the police in writing in the evening of 30 March 2007 and an oral assurance was allegedly given that all those wishing to file applications will be allowed to do this.
However, according to the information, at 7 am on 31 March 2007, the Iraqis were told to pack and board a bus that would leave at 8 am to take them the Greek-Turkish border. Seven of them who protested and refused to board the bus, insisting to file asylum applications, reported to have been beaten by a group of police officers. Upon being informed about these developments, the lawyers in Thessaloniki and related NGOs in Thessaloniki, Chios and Athens reportedly protested to various competent police authorities, who subsequently stopped the deportation.
According to the information, police authorities then took the 41 applications, plus the applications of the two Iraqis who were arrested on Samos Island and transferred them to the Thessaloniki Transfer Center. However, no interpreters were reportedly provided during the process and the “interviews” were conducted in English which only one of them could understand but not speak fluently and had to translate back and forth to the other detainees. Moreover, no doctors reportedly examined those who reported having been beaten.
According to the information, on 10 April 2007 the Secretary General of the Ministry of Public Order signed rejection decisions of all asylum applications. These latter allegedly all invariantly mentioned - that there were no elements indicating that the Geneva Convention (1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees) could be applied, as there was no evidence that the applicant was or -was in danger to be- persecuted from the authorities in his country for reasons of race, religion, nationality, social class or political convictions. The decisions were communicated on 11 April 2007 and the applicants have a 30-day deadline to appeal.
In the meantime, the volunteer lawyers reportedly filed objections to the detention of the Iraqis before the Administrative Court of Thessaloniki. Five of them were consequently released. The two Iraqis arrested on Samos Island were released as the three-month maximum detention period had elapsed. The 36 remaining individuals were not granted release and remain detained in the Alien's Division of the Thessaloniki Police, allegedly in very bad conditions as the Division's detention facilities are constructed for short term detention and for a much smaller number of detainees. The Iraqis have reportedly to sleep on mattresses on the floor in overcrowded cells; there is no possibility to walk outdoors even for a short period.
The International Secretariat of OMCT is gravely concerned for the physical and psychological integrity of the 43 Iraqis and in particular for the 36 detained. OMCT calls on the Greek Government to guarantee their integrity at all times. OMCT urges the authorities to fully implement the Council of Europe Anti-Torture Committee (CPT) recommendations to prevent inhuman and degrading conditions of detention of asylum seekers in Greece[1]. Furthermore, OMCT urges the authorities to release them and to guarantee that their asylum applications are reviewed in strict implementation of the February 2007 Revised UNHCR special directives on Iraqi refugees calling for granting refugee status or subsidiary protection (depending on the region they come from) to Iraqis asylum seekers in view of the prevailing situation in Iraq.
Action requested
Please write to the authorities in Greece urging them to:
i. Take all necessary measures to guarantee the physical and psychological integrity of all the 43 Iraqis refugees and asylum seekers in particular of the 36 detained;
ii. Take all necessary measures to guarantee that their asylum applications are reviewed each one separately and individually in strict implementation with the Revised UNHCHR Directives and with the Geneva Convention relating to the Status of Refugees;
iii. Order their immediate release in accordance with the Revised UNHCHR Directives, and in the spirit of the judge decisions that led to the release of five of them;
iv. Order a thorough and impartial investigation into the allegations of ill-treatment, in order to identify all those responsible, bring them to trial and apply the civil penal and/or administrative sanctions as provided by law
v. Guarantee the respect of human rights and the fundamental freedoms throughout the country in accordance with national laws and international human rights standards.
Addresses
- Mr. Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister, Prime Minister’s Office at the Hellenic Parliament, Greek Parliament Blgd, Constitution Square, Athens / Greece, Fax: +30 210 3238129 , Email: Mail@primeminister.gr
- Ms. Ntora Bakogiani, Foreign Minister, Athens, Greece, Fax: 30 210 36 81 433, Email: gpap@mfa.gr
- Mr. Anastasios Papaligouras, Minister of Justice, Athens, Greece, Fax +30 2107489231
- Mr. Byron Polidoras, Minister of Public Order, Athens, Greece, Fax: + 30 210 6917944
- Mr. Giorgos Kaminis, Ombudsman for Human Rights, Fax 30 210 7289643
- Mr. Athanassio Dimoschakis, Chief of Greek Police, Fax: +30-2106923689
- H.E. Franciscos Verros, Ambassador, Permanent Mission of Greece to the United Nations in Geneva, Rue du Leman 4, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland, Email: mission.greece@ties.itu.int,
Fax: +41 22 732.21.50
Please also write to the embassies of Greece in your respective country.
Geneva, 14 May 2007
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[1] http://www.cpt.coe.int/documents/grc/2006-41-inf-eng.htm
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