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Reality of Buraku Discrimination in Japan

History, Situation, Challenge


The Flag with a Crown of Thorns


This flag was designed by Mankichi Saiko, who helped draft the Declaration of the Levelers Association. Thorns symbolize the suffering and the martyrdom that Buraku people have experienced in the movement. The black back ground represents the darkness of discriminatory society and the red thorns represent both human blood as well as suffering and martyrdom.

The Flag with a Crown of Thorns

source from the “Photo Document – 60 Years’ History of the National Levelers Association”

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