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＜事件　No.KEN 001 / 0705 / OBS 04＞
掲載日：2005.07.10

No.3738ケニア
2人の人権擁護家が恣意的に逮捕され、起訴されました。

（パリ・ジュネーブ発　07月01日）

　「国際人権連盟」（FIDH）と「SOSトーチャ」の共同プロジェクトである「人権擁護家保護のための監視機構」は、ケニアにおける下記の状況に関して、皆様の働きかけをお願いいたします。

＜事件の概要＞

　人権擁護家のための監視機構は、国際司法家委員会のケニア支部（ICJケニア）とケニア人権委員会（KHRC）より、２人の人権擁護活動家の恣意的逮捕と虐待について情報を受けました。

　情報によれば、人権活動家でありマルチ・セクター・フォーラム（MSF）黄色い運動のメンバーである、オジャヨ・サムソンさんとミティカ・ムウェンダさんは2005年6月18日、MSFマウア支部の発足にあたり行われた行進に参加しているとき、逮捕され殴られました。この行進は、MSFを国内の各地に広げ、ケニアの人々が憲法プロセスにおいて次ぎに取るべき手段を決定できるようになることを目指していました。

　サムソンさんはニジル警察で周囲との連絡を絶たれた中、拘束され、ムウェンダさんはマウア病院に入院させられ、警察監視のもとベッドに鎖でつながれました。

　2005年6月21日、サムソンさんとムウェンダさんは保釈されました。二人は、“公共の場で平穏の破壊を助長する攻撃的行為”（刑法94(1)条）、“警察の建物内で秩序を乱す行動をとる”（刑法60条、これは違法な誓約を行う犯罪に関係する）、そして“指紋採取の拒否”（警察法第21(3)条）の嫌疑をかけられています。二人は2005年7月4日に治安判事裁判で審問を受ける予定であり、裁判は9月26日に始まります。

　人権擁護家保護のための監視機構は、サムソンさんとムウェンダさんに対する嫌疑は恣意的であり、彼らの人権支持の活動に制裁を加えることが目的になっていると危惧します。

　MSFの黄色い運動は市民社会が始めた取り組みであり、ケニア憲法の見直しの完了に向け、リーダーシップを発揮しています。それは、人々中心の憲法見直しのプロセスを求める市民社会の人権組織のネットワークです。そのため、NGO、社会運動、政党、宗教組織、労働組合、その他関連団体など、様々な分野の代表から成っています。

＜行動要請＞

　ケニア関係当局に以下の要請をお願いします。

  1. いかなる情況にあろうとも、サムソンさんとムウェンダさん、並びにケニアの人権擁護活動家すべての心身の安全を保障すること。
  2. サムソンさんとムウェンダさんの無条件の釈放を保障すること、そして、彼らに対する恣意的な嫌疑が取り下げられるよう、二人に公正で中立な裁判を認めるよう保障すること。
  3. 国連の「人権擁護活動家保護のための宣言」の全条文、とりわけ、「すべての者は、個々にまた他の者と共同して、国内、国際レベルにおいて人権および基本的自由の保護ならびに実現を伸長、奨励する権利を有する」とした第1条と、「国家は、個別であれ他者との合同であれ、すべての人が、本宣言に記述されている権利の合法的行使の結果により受ける、暴力、脅迫、報復、事実上あるいは法律上の差別、圧力あるいはその他の恣意的行為から資格ある当局の保護を受けるよう保障するために、あらゆる必要な措置をとるものとする」とした第12(2)条に従うこと。
  4. さらには、世界人権宣言の条文および、ケニアに拘束力をもつその他すべての国際人権基準に従うこと。

＜要請先＞

司法・憲法問題大臣：H.E. Mr. Kiraitu Murungi, Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, Harambee Avenue, P.O. Box 40112 / P.O.Box 30083, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax: + 254 231-5105

国務大臣：H.E. Major Mardsen Madoka, Minister of State, Office of the President, P.O. Box 30510, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax : +254 233-7340

検事総長：Mr. Amos Wako, General Attorney, State Law Office, Harambee Avenue, P.O. Box 40112, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax: +254 231-5105, +254 221-1082

国連大使：Ambassador Amina C. Mohamed, Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations in Geneva, Av. de la Paix 1-3, 1202 Geneve, Switzerland, Fax: +41 22 731 29 05, E-mail: mission.kenya@ties.itu.int

ケニア共和国大使館：Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Japan, 〒152-0023　目黒区八雲3丁目24-3, 特命全権大使：デニス・ノエル・オドゥヤ・アウォリ　閣下, H. E. Mr. Dennis Noel Oduya AWORI,


＜手紙の例文＞

例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。

H.E. Mr. Kiraitu Murungi
Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs
Harambee Avenue, P.O. Box 40112 / P.O.Box 30083
Nairobi, Kenya

Dear Mr. Murungi,

I am writing you to express my concern over the charges imposed on Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, members of MSF, who were arrested on June 18 and release on bail on June 21. As their charges appear to be arbitrary, I would like to urge you the followings.

  1. To guarantee, in all circumstances, the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, as well as of all human rights defenders in Kenya;
  2. To ensure the unconditional release of Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, and that they be granted a fair and impartial trial so that the charges against them be dropped, as they are arbitrary;
  3. To conform with the provisions of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, in particular its article 1, which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", and its article 12(2), which states that "the State shall take all necessary measures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, individually and in association with others, against any violence, threats, retaliation, de facto or de jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in the present Declaration";
  4. To conform with the provisions of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, and with all other international human rights instruments binding Kenya.

I thank you for your kind attention to my request.

Yours very truly,

＜以下、原文＞
CURGENT APPEAL - THE OBSERVATORY

KEN 001 / 0705 / OBS 047
Arbitrary arrest and detention / Ill-treatment /
Release on bail / Judicial proceedings
Kenya

July 1, 2005

The Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders, a joint programme of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), requests your urgent intervention in the following situation in Kenya.

Brief description of the situation:

The Observatory has been informed by the Kenya Section of the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ Kenya) and by the Kenyan Human Rights Commission (KHRC) about the arbitrary arrest and ill-treatment of two human rights defenders.

According to the information received, Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, two human rights activists and members of the Multi-Sectoral Forum (MSF) - Yellow Movement, were arrested and beaten up on June 18, 2005 while attending a procession in Maua on the occasion of the launch of the MSF Maua Chapter. The procession was aimed at extending MSF to the regional parts of the country to allow Kenyans to decide their next steps and future in the constitution process.

Mr. Samson was held at the Njiru Police Station in solitary confinement while Mr. Mwenda was admitted in Maua Hospital, chained to his bed and on police guard.

On June 21, 2005, Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda were released on bail. Both men are facing charges for "offensive conduct conducive to a breach of the peace in a public place" (Section 94(1) of the Penal Code), "behaving in a disorderly conduct in a police building" (Section 60 of the Penal Code, which relates to the offence of administering unlawful oaths), and "refusing to permit finger prints to be taken" (Section 21(3) of the Police Act - Cap 84 Laws of Kenya). They will be heard by the magistrates court for a routine check on the matter on July 4, 2005, and their trial will begin on September 26, 2005.

The Observatory fears that the charges brought against Messrs. Samson and Mwenda be arbitrary, and that they are aimed at sanctioning their activities in favour of human rights.

The MSF Yellow Movement is a civil society-led initiative that provides leadership towards the completion of the Constitutional review process. It is a network of human rights civil society organisations which are pressing for a people-driven constitution review process of the whole society. It therefore regroups representatives from several categories, including NGOs, social movements, political parties, religious organisations, trade unions and other special interest groups.

Actions requested:

Please write to the Kenyan authorities and ask them to:

  1. Guarantee, in all circumstances, the physical and psychological integrity of Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, as well as of all human rights defenders in Kenya;
  2. Ensure the unconditional release of Mr. Ojiayo Samson and Mr. Mithika Mwenda, and that they be granted a fair and impartial trial so that the charges against them be dropped, as they are arbitrary;
  3. Conform with the provisions of the Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1998, in particular its article 1, which states that "everyone has the right, individually and in association with others, to promote and to strive for the protection and realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms at the national and international levels", and its article 12(2), which states that "the State shall take all necessary measures to ensure the protection by the competent authorities of everyone, individually and in association with others, against any violence, threats, retaliation, de facto or de jure adverse discrimination, pressure or any other arbitrary action as a consequence of his or her legitimate exercise of the rights referred to in the present Declaration";
  4. More generally, conform with the provisions of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, and with all other international human rights instruments binding Kenya.

Addresses:

H.E. Mr. Kiraitu Murungi, Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, Harambee Avenue, P.O. Box 40112 / P.O.Box 30083, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax: + 254 231-5105

H.E. Major Mardsen Madoka, Minister of State, Office of the President, P.O. Box 30510, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax : +254 233-7340

Mr. Amos Wako, General Attorney, State Law Office, Harambee Avenue, P.O. Box 40112, Nairobi, Kenya, Fax: +254 231-5105, +254 221-1082

Ambassador Amina C. Mohamed, Permanent Mission of Kenya to the United Nations in Geneva, Av. de la Paix 1-3, 1202 Geneve, Switzerland, Fax: +41 22 731 29 05, E-mail: mission.kenya@ties.itu.int

Please also write to the embassies of Kenya in your respective country.

***

Paris - Geneva, July 1, 2005