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掲載日:2007.01.17
S.O.S.トーチャー
 
<事件 No.LBY280901.2>
No.3901   リビア:400 人の子どもたちのHIV感染について、外国医療団の看護師5人と医師1人に責任があるとした恣意的裁判の再審で死刑が確認されました。

(ジュネーブ発 12月20日)

SOSトーチャー国際事務局は、リビアにおける下記の状況に関して皆様の引き続きの働きかけをお願いします。

<新情報>

SOSトーチャー国際事務局は、ブルガリア人看護師5人とパレスチナ人医師1人に対し、ベンガジのアル・ファテー小児病院で400人の子どもたちを故意にHIVに感染させたとしてリビアの裁判所が死刑を宣告したことことを非難します。

国際事務局は、世界人権宣言およびその他の国際人権文書で宣言されているように、死刑は残虐、非人道的かつ品位を傷つける究極の刑罰であり、生存権の侵害であるとして、強く反対します。

また拷問等禁止条約第15条が「締約国は、拷問によるものと認められるいかなる供述も、当該供述が行われた旨の事実についての、かつ、拷問の罪の被告人に不利な証拠とする場合を除くほか、訴訟手続における証拠としてはならないことを確保する。」と規定していることを指摘します。被告たちは、彼らの「自白」が予備拘禁中に受けた拷問の中で引き出されたものだと繰り返し証言しています。

国際事務局は、正当な嫌疑のない場合は彼らをただちに釈放し、そのような訴状の存在する場合は、中立公正で資格のある裁判に付し、彼らの手続き上の権利を常に保障するよう要請します。

<事件の概要>

1999年2月9日、ベンガジのアル・ファテー小児病院で393人の子どもがHIVに感染し、調査の結果約70人の医療関係者が逮捕されました。その中にはブルガリア人(23人)、エジプト人、ハンガリー人、フィリピン人、ポーランド人がいました。その後、少なくとも23人の子どもが亡くなっています。23人のブルガリア人以外は翌日釈放されましたが、それは、当事国の駐リビア外交団の積極的な対応と対策があったからだと考えられています。ブルガリア人23人のうち、5人以外は1週間後に釈放されました。そのまま拘禁されたのは女性看護師の、クリスティアナ・ヴルチェヴァさん、ナシャ・ネノヴァさん、ヴァレンティナ・シロプロさん、ヴァリャ・チェヴェニャシュカさん、スネジャナ・ディミトロヴァさんの5人です。クリスティアナ・ヴルチェヴァさんの夫のブルガリア人、ザヴコ・ゲオルギエフ博士も、妻が拘禁されていた警察署を訪問した時に逮捕され、アル・ファテー小児病院に勤務していないのに他の5人とともに起訴されました。

2000年2月7日、トリポリの検察官はブルガリア人6人、リビア人9人、パレスチナ人1人が感染した血液を使ってHIVを蔓延させ、リビア国家の治安を損ね、攻撃したとする1,600ページに及ぶ起訴状に署名しました。1999年2月9日の逮捕以来、被告たちは拘禁されたままです。拘禁されて最初の10ヶ月は、家族に面会できませんでした。弁護士との接見が認められたのは裁判の手続きが始まってからでした。ブルガリア大使館がブルガリア人被告のために雇ったリビア人弁護士のオスマン・ビザンティは、2000年5月中旬に報道機関に対し、今までブルガリア人被告たちに接見したのは2回だけだと言いました。

被告全員が、拘禁の初期の段階に拷問や非人道的扱いを受けたと告発しています。彼女たちは、電気ショック、電線での殴打、裸にさせられる、長時間にわたって両腕で吊るされる、足裏を殴打される、引きずり回される、火や冷水の使用、人口過密な房に入れられる、明るいライトを目に当てられる、警察犬で脅され、噛まれるなどの拷問を受けたということです。(アピールLBY280901参照)

彼女たちは2004年5月にリビアの裁判所から銃殺刑の宣告を受けました。2005年12月25日、最高裁はこの死刑判決を覆し、再審を命じました。再審は2006年5月11日に始まりました。

<行動要請>

 リビア関係当局に対して以下の内容の要請をお願いします。

1.正当な嫌疑が不在の中、これら人々の即時釈放を命じること。もしそのような嫌疑が存在するならば、彼女たちを中立公正で資格のある裁判に付し、その間、彼女たちの手続き上の権利を常に保障すること。

2.責任者を特定し、裁判に付し、法に基づいて刑事、民事あるいは行政罰を適用できるよう、これら逮捕および申し立てられている拘禁中の虐待と拷問について、綿密で公正な調査を行うよう命じること。

3.国内法および国際人権基準に沿って、国内全土における人権尊重と基本的自由を保障すること。

<要請先>

カダフィ大佐:Colonel Mu'ammar al-Kaddafi
Leader of the Revolution Office of the Leader of the Revolution, Tripoli Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Fax : + 218 21 333 01 85

国連大使:Her Excellency Ambassador Mrs. Najat Al-Hajjaji
Permanent Mission of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to the United Nations Office at Geneva and International Organizations in Switzerland Rue de Richemond 25, 1202 Geneva
Fax: +41 22 959 89 10 Email: mission.libye@bluewin.ch

大リビア・アラブ社会主義人民ジャマヒリーヤ国人民事務所
People's Bureau of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in Japan
〒150-0034 渋谷区代官山町10-14  
特命全権大使:ムフター・M. H. フェトゥーリー 閣下
His Excellency Mr. Muftah M.H. FAITOURI


<手紙の例文>

例文を添付いたします。手紙を出されるときにご活用ください。

Colonel Mu'ammar al-Kaddafi
Leader of the Revolution
Office of the Leader of the Revolution, Tripoli
Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.

Dear Colonel al-Kaddafi,

I am writing you to express my concern over the death sentence given to five Bulgarian nurses and one Palestinian doctor in regard to the incident of HIV infections to 400 children in 1999. I would like to urge you the followings:

1. To order the persons in question's immediate release in the absence of valid legal charges or, if such charges exist, bring them before an impartial, independent and competent tribunal and guarantee their procedural rights at all times;

2. To order a thorough and impartial investigation into the circumstances of these arrests and alleged ill-treatment and torture during the prisoners detention, in order to identify those responsible, bring them to trial and apply the penal, civil and/or administrative sanctions as provided by law;

3. To guarantee the respect of human rights and the fundamental freedoms throughout the country in accordance with national laws and international human rights standards.

I thank you for your kind attention to my request.

Yours truly,

<以下、原文>

Case LBY 280901.2
Follow-up of case LBY 280901
Death Penalty / Fair Trial
Geneva, 20 December 2006

The International Secretariat of the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) requests your URGENT intervention in the following situation in Libya.

New information

OMCT condemns the decision of a Libyan court to sentence to death the five Bulgarian nurses and one Palestinian doctor after founding them guilty of having deliberately infected about 400 children with HIV in the Al-Fateh Pediatric Hospital in Benghazi.

OMCT stresses that it is strongly opposed to the death penalty as an extreme form of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and a violation of the right to life, as proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments.

Moreover, OMCT wishes to recall that Article 15 of the Convention against Torture states: "Each State Party shall ensure that any statement which is established to have been made as a result of torture shall not be invoked as evidence in any proceedings, except against a person accused of torture as evidence that the statement was made." Indeed, the defendants have repeatedly testified that their “confessions” were extracted under torture in pre-trial detention.

OMCT calls for their immediate release in the absence of valid legal charges or, if such charges exist, bring them before an impartial, independent and competent tribunal and guarantee their procedural rights at all times.

Brief reminder of the situation
On 9 February 1999, over seventy health professionals from Bulgaria (23 persons), Egypt, Hungary, the Philippines and Poland were arrested in Benghazi, Libya, following an investigation into an HIV virus epidemic in the Al-Fateh Pediatric Hospital in Benghazi, in which 393 children were reportedly infected. At least 23 of these children have reportedly died since then. All of the persons that were arrested were released the next day, notably, it is thought, due to the active reaction and operations of their embassy representatives, except the 23 Bulgarian detainees. All but five of these were released one week later. The five persons who remained in custody were all female nurses, including: Christiana Vulcheva, Nassya Nenova, Valenitina Siropulo, Valya Chervenyashka, Snejana Dimitrova. Another Bulgarian national, Dr. Zdavko Georgiev, Christina Vulcheva’s husband, was arrested on 9 February 1999, when he went to the police station where his wife was being detained, and has been detained and accused along with the other five persons, even though he did not work at the same hospital.

On 7 February 2000 a Tripoli prosecutor signed a 1,600-page indictment against the six Bulgarians, nine Libyans and one Palestinian, charging them with undermining and attacking the security of the Libyan State by intentionally spreading the HIV virus through contaminated blood. Since their arrest on 9 February 1999 the accused have remained in custody. At first they were detained for about 10 months without having access to their families. They were allowed access to a defence lawyer only after trail proceedings had begun. In mid-May 2000 the Libyan defence lawyer for the Bulgarian defendants, Osman Bizanti, who was hired by the Bulgarian Embassy, told the media that he had only met his clients on two occasions.

All of the defendants have complained that during the initial stage of detention they have been subjected to torture and inhuman treatment. The forms of torture to which they have been subjected typically include: electrocution, beating with electrical wire, being kept naked and crucified for lengthy periods of time, being beaten on the soles of the feet, being drugged, the use of fire and ice-cold showers, being held in over-crowded cells, being blinded by bright lights and being intimidated and bitten by police dogs (see OMCT urgent appeal LBY 280901).
They were first sentenced to death by firing squad by a Libyan court in May 2004. The death sentences were overturned on 25 December 2005 by the Supreme Court, which ordered the health professionals to be retried. The retrial began on 11 May 2006.

Action requested
Please write to the authorities in Libya urging them to:

order the persons in question’s immediate release in the absence of valid legal charges or, if such charges exist, bring them before an impartial, independent and competent tribunal and guarantee their procedural rights at all times;
order a thorough and impartial investigation into the circumstances of these arrests and alleged ill-treatment and torture during the prisoners detention, in order to identify those responsible, bring them to trial and apply the penal, civil and/or administrative sanctions as provided by law;
guarantee the respect of human rights and the fundamental freedoms throughout the country in accordance with national laws and international human rights standards.

Addresses:

・ Colonel Mu'ammar al-Kaddafi, Leader of the Revolution, Office of the Leader of the Revolution, Tripoli, Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. Fax : + 218 21 333 01 85
・ Her Excellency Ambassador Mrs. Najat Al-Hajjaji, Permanent Mission of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to the United Nations Office at Geneva and International Organizations in Switzerland, Rue de Richemond 25, 1202 Geneva, Tel: +41 22 959 89 00, Fax: +41 22 959 89 10, Email: mission.libye@bluewin.ch
・ His Excellency Ambassador Mr. Elhouderi, The Embassy of the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in Brussels , 28 av. Victoria, 1050 Brussels, Belgium, Tel: +32 2 649 37 37, Fax: +32 2 640 90 76, Email: Libyan bureau be@yahoo.com

Please also write to the Diplomatic Representatives of Libya in your country.

Geneva, 20 December 2006